The Church of St. Dmitry on the Blood, located in the town of Uglich, is a unique document. It preserves the history of tragic events that took place at the turn of the 17th century, events that have gone down in the history of Russia as “The Time of Troubles.” They lasted 20 years, and almost destroyed the Russian state. Uglich was almost razed from the face of the Earth. Of its 40,000 inhabitants, only 500 survived. And it all began with the death of a single child, Tsarevich Dmitry. The different versions of those events to be found in legends and in the evidence assembled during the investigation in the 17th century, in an RTG film.